The first moon landing was achieved on July 20, 1969, by the American Apollo 11 mission. The mission was commanded by astronaut Neil Armstrong, who became the first person to step on the moon. Armstrong famously declared "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind" as he took his historic first step.

Buzz Aldrin, the lunar module pilot, followed him shortly after. Michael Collins orbited above in the command module. This event marked a significant milestone in human history and a triumph of American technological and scientific advancements. The moon landing remains one of the most remarkable achievements of the 20th century.

The telescope was launched into Earth's orbit in 1990. Some of its major discoveries were collecting images of different assortments of galaxies. With the discoveries of these galaxies, scientists at NASA were able to study the creation and evolution of galaxies. The telescope has led to the observation that almost all galaxies contain supermassive black holes.

The Hubble also lead NASA to map dark matter. Even if the Hubble will be replaced by the James Web telescope, its value will not be insignificant. The Hubble will still be in operation and continue to feed NASA scientists information on the vastly growing space we are surrounded by.

Curiosity was a huge leap for humanity as a whole. Curiosity's goal was to determine if they were any signs of livable conditions. Turns out the rover found signs of previous microbial life on mars. The rover was equipped with the best technology at the time and was able to sample the soil to find the climate of mars.

It is able to determine this by collecting a soil sample and analyzing the chemicals in the soil. Depending on the different chemicals in the soil it is able to determine the climate.

The Challenger explosion was a tragedy that occurred on January 28, 1986, when the Space Shuttle Challenger, on its 10th mission, broke apart just 73 seconds into its flight. The explosion resulted in the loss of seven crew members, including five NASA astronauts and two payload specialists. The disaster was a major turning point in the space shuttle program and had a significant impact on the American space program and the country as a whole.

The cause of the explosion was determined to be a failure of an O-ring seal on one of the solid rocket boosters, which allowed hot gases to escape and ignite the main fuel tank. The investigation into the disaster led to significant changes in the design and operation of the Space Shuttle program, including the redesign of the solid rocket boosters and the implementation of more stringent safety protocols.

The objective of the challenger was to send two satellites into orbit at the same time. If this would have been achieved NASA could have collected data much faster, and NASA would have had the ability to research better and bigger ideas.